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ined in Baltimore over the next three years, completing an internship in urology, one year of an assistant residency on the general surgical service (his contract was not renewed), and an externship in ENT. He moved to Boston, Massachusetts, in the summer of 1925 to begin a surgical residency at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital but left for Vanderbilt \, As a result, He Was Placed in charge of the surgical research laboratory. While I Worked at Vanderbilt University on the nature and Treatment of hemorrhagic and traumatic shock. Experimenting on dogs, I Found That surgical shock resulting from the loss of blood, and I Encouraged the use of whole blood or blood plasma products as Treatment Following the onset of shock. This research result in the saving of Many Lives DURING World War II. Unfortunately, Blalock met with Frequent bouts of tuberculosis DURING Vanderbilt historical years. His first paper on shock, published in 1927, WAS Actually written by friend Harrison historical data based on the completed Had But Blalock That Could not compile due to historical Illness. While at Vanderbilt in 1938, Blalock Attempt to produce pulmonaryJoining experiments hypertension in the left subclavian artery to the left pulmonary artery. Although These experiments failed in Their purpose, Years Later I returned to this idea. Johns Hopkins




When Offered WAS Blalock Chief of Surgery at Johns Hopkins Hospital in 1941, I Requested That His assistant, Vivien Thomas, come along with him. They formed some very close Relationship More Than That Would last thirty years. Together, They Developed a technique to bypass shunt aortic coarctation. While They Were working on this, Helen Taussig Presented him with the problem of the blue baby syndrome. Blue baby





In the normal heart, There Are Four Separate chambers, the two top chambers Are Knownatria and pump blood as Simultaneously Into The two bottom chambers, or ventricle. Blood first Unbreak the heart at the right atrium, Which Then blood empties Into the right ventricle s, which pumps the blood Into the Lungs-through the pulmonary artery to get oxygen. From the lungs, the blood Enters the left pulmonary vein Through the atrium, the left atrium empties Into the left ventricle s, which pumps the blood Into the aorta and From There Reach the rest of the body. Because it is responsible for getting blood to the Entire body-through the aorta, the left ventricle is the Biggest and Strongest Usually chamber of the heart.

The Following is a depiction of normal blood flow-through the body. Valves keep the blood from flowing backwards. Capital letters Indicate tha blood from both ventricles instead of just from the left (overriding aorta), a defective right ventricular outflow tract near the pulmonary valve that prevents full flow of blood to the lungs, and a muscular right ventricle necessary to accomplish the extra work required to overcome that defect (right ventricular hypertrophy).

The following is a depiction of blood flow in Tetralogy of Fallot. Mixed capital letters indicate partially oxygenated blood.

veins → superior or inferior vena cava → right atrium ——tricuspid valve→
rIgHt vEnTrIcLe ——VSD→ LeFt VeNtRiClE or
\\__
——pulmonary valve→ pulmonary artery → LUNGS → PULMONARY VEIN →
LEFT ATRIUM ——mitral vFilms About Blalock and historical medical technician Vivien Thomas


In 2003, the PBS series American Experience Spark Media documentary premiered the "Partners of the Heart" s, which WAS about the Collaboration Between Vivien Thomas and Alfred Blalock at Johns Hopkins University and Vanderbilit. The documentary WAS Andrea Kalin and Directed by Andrea Kalin and written by Lou Potter, with Recreations Directed by Bill Duke and narration by Morgan Freeman. The "Partners of the Heart" documentary Went on to win the Organization of American Historians' Erik Barnouw Award for Best History Documentary in 2004. In the 2004 HBO docudrama Something the Lord Made about the Blalock-Thomas collaboration, Blalock WAS portray by Alan Rickman and Mos Def by Thomas. Robert Cort Producedthe film, Which Went on to win an Emmy and a Peabody Award for the HBO docudrama. Bibliography





* Thomas, Vivien T., Partners of the Heart: Vivien Thomas and His Work With Alfred Blalock, (originally published as Pioneering Research in Surgical Shock and Cardiovascular Surgery: Vivien Thomas and His Work with Alfred Blalock) , University of Pennsylvania Press, 1985.
* McCabe, Katie, "Like Something the Lord Made" Washingtonian magazine, August 1989. Reprinted in Feature Writing for Newspapers and Magazines: the Pursuit of Excellence, ed. by Jay Friedlander and John Lee. May Also Be accessed by going to the web site for the HBO film Something the Lord Made, www.hbo.com / films / stlm.
* Merrill WH, "What's Past is Pr